Metal working lubricants

ABSTRACT

LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS PARTICULARLY USEFUL FOR METAL WORKING COMPRISING A SOAP BASE AND AS AN IMPROVING AGENT A COMPOUNT SELECTED FROM THE GROU OF (1) ACETYLENIC ALCOHOLS, (2) ACETYLENIC GLYDOLS, AND ETHOXYLATED ACELYLENIC GLYCOLS.

United States Patent 3,560,383 METAL WORKING LUBRICANTS Norbert Schwartz, Homer, James F. Richards, Cortland County, and Joseph F. Pistell, Cortland, N.Y., assignors to Pennwalt Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 686,300, Nov. 28, 1967. This application Feb. 14, 1969, Ser. No. 799,513

Int. Cl. Cm 1/24, N32

US. Cl. 25234.7 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Lubricant compositions particularly useful for metal working comprising a soap base and as an improving agent, a compound selected from the group of (1) acetylenic alcohols, (2) acetylenic glycols, and (3) ethoxylated acetylenic glycols.

This application is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 686,300, filed Nov. 28, 1967 and now abandoned.

Soap based lubricants are well-known and are used in water solution for various metal forming operations, and are particularly useful for wet drawing of steel, copper coated steel, nickel finish steel, galvanized steel, and other types of metal wire drawing and metal working operations. This invention provides an improved soap based lubricant for such metal forming operations which comprises a soap based lubricant formulation containing from about 1.0 to 10.0 percent by weight of an acetylenic alcohol, an acetylenic glycol, or an ethoxylated acetylenic glycol.

The soap based lubricant may be any one of the well known types wherein a long chain acid and base are reacted to make the soap. Such soap based lubricants are discussed in the article appearing at page 142 of Chemical Engineering, vol. 61, June 1954, and are exemplified by the soaps made from tall oil fatty acids, and strong bases such as an alkali metal hydroxide or a strong amine compound. Frequently, additional additives are incorporated into this soap base and in the lubricant compositions of this invention it is preferred to have present liquid polyoxyalkylene derivatives of alkylene glycols, and most preferably these additives will be a polyoxypropylene derivative of propylene glycols having molecular weight of about 2,000 or a methoxypolyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 2,000.

The acetylenic compound additive is simply incorporated into the soap base to give improved lubricity characteristics as will be seen in the examples which follow.

Specific examples of materials which we have found to be useful in the present invention include:

(1) Methyl butynol, and methyl pentynol. These compounds are prepared by the addition of unsaturated compounds to ketones, yielding, in the case of acetone, methyl butynol.

These compounds are sold by the Air Reduction Chemical and Carbide Company, a Division of Air Reduction Company, Inc., and are described in Technical Bulletin Al of the Organic Chemicals DepartmentApril 1964.

3,560,383 Patented Feb. 2, 1971 ice (2) Surfynol 82, Surfynol 61, and Surfynol 104, having the following structural formulas:

S U R F YN O L 104 (2,4, 7,9-tetrametl1yl-5-decync-4,7-diol) (3) Ethoxylated acetylenic glycols, exemplified by Surfynol 440 which is ethoxylated 2,4,7,9-te'tramethyl- 5-decyne-4,7-diol:

m+n=N, number of moles of ethylene oxide. In Surfynol 440, N, the sum of m+n, is 3.5.

In general the acetylenic compounds will have the structure RCECR where R is hydrogen, an alkyl, a hydroxyalkyl, or a hydroxyalkoxy group, and with the proviso that at least one R group contains a hydroxyl group. Preferably the acetylenic compounds will be those 40 which contain from four to 30 carbon atoms.

The tests demonstrating the lubricating value of these chemicals were performed by use of a Falex tester. The lubricant formulations were dissolved in distilled water to provide a concentration of 2.5% by weight of total lubricating materials, and a total water content of 97.5% by weight. Steel pins, type 1117, and type 4620 steel V-blocks were used in the evaluation. The Falex tester is manufactured by the Faville-LeVally Corporation, 1129 Bellwood Ave., Bellwood, 111.

As a reference lubricant formulation and a medium in which to incorporate the unsaturated compounds, the following composition was used:

FORMULATION I Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2

Polyoxypropylene derivative of propylene glycol,

M.W. 2,000 (Pluracol P-20l0, made by Wyandotte Chemicals Corporation) 6.7 Water 68.3

This type of lubricant can be used in water solution for the wet drawing of steel, copper coated steel, liquor finished steel, galvanized steel, and other types of metal Wire drawing.

3 The evaluation by the Falex tester demonstrated the enhanced lubrication shown as wear rate data.

The Falex data is presented in Table 1, listing wear rate data.

In the formulations all percentages are by weight.

FORMULATION II Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2 Pluracol P-2010 6.7 Methyl pentynol 3.6 Water 64.7

FORMULATION III Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2 Pluracol P2010 6.7 Surfynol 104 3.6 Water 64.7

FORMULATION IV Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2 Pluracol P-20l0 6.7 Surfynol 440 3.6 Water 64.7

FORMULATION V Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2 Pluracol P-20l0 6.7 Butyl stearate 5.4 Surfynol 104 3.6 Water 59.3

FORMULATION VI Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45% KOH 7.2 Surfynol" 104 3.6 Water 71.4

FORMULATION VII Percent Tall oil fatty acid 17.8 45 KOH Surfynol 104 3- TABLE I.WEAR RATE VALUES FROM FALEX EVALUATION STEEL ON STEEL I II III IV VI VII VIII 5 17 17 16 17 s 7 29 25 16 24 19 20 57 4s 60 32 84 75 135 133 230 51 126 1 0 1 Seizure occurred before this load was reached.

It is obvious from Table I that the wear rates of the soap base compositions are lowered by the addition of acetylenic compounds.

It will be understood that numerous changes and modifications may be made from the above disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

We claim:

1. A lubricant composition comprising a major amount of water, a soap base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal soaps of fatty acids and amine soaps of fatty acids and, as an improving agent, an acytylenic compound of from four to thirty carbon atoms having the formula R-CECR, where R is hydrogen, alkyl, hy-

droxyalkyl or hydroxyalkoxy and where at least one R contains a hydroxyl group.

2. A lubricant as in claim 1 where the improving agent is an acetylenic alcohol.

3. A lubricant as in claim 1 where the improving agent is an acetylenic glycol.

4. A lubricant as in claim 1 where the improving agent is an ethoxylated acetylenic glycol.

5. A lubricant as in claim 1 where the soap is derived from tall oil fatty acid.

6. A lubricant as in claim 5 where the improving agent is 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol.

7. A lubricant as in claim 5 where the improving agent is 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol. 8. A lubricant as in claim 5 where the improving agent is ethoxylated 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol.

References Cited V UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,662,836 12/1953 Montgomery 61: al. 25242X 2,773,035 12/1956 Waugh 252--42X 3,041,281 6/ 1962 Winsor et al. 25242 3,304,258 2/1967 White et a1 25242X DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner W. J. SHINE, Assistant Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 

